The article examines modern trends and patterns in the development of innovation-oriented companies in Russia in the context of the move toward technological sovereignty. The authors analyze the transformation of the innovation agenda under the influence of global challenges such as deglobalization and sanctions pressure, which have disrupted established value creation chains and R&D. The theoretical basis of the study is the concept of absorptive capacity, which is seen as a key factor for success in conditions of turbulence. Based on Russian statistical data, the study identifies record growth in investment in innovations, a structural shift in favor of IT infrastructure, artificial intelligence, and data technologies, as well as the regionalization of innovation activity. The complex of barriers to innovation development (financial, managerial, personnel, and systemic) is examined in detail, and practical mechanisms for overcoming them are proposed, including flexible management methodologies, human capital development, and the creation of open innovation ecosystems. It is concluded that quantitative growth in investments must be supported by a qualitative transformation of management models and corporate culture. Success in the medium term is linked to a company's ability not only to implement technologies but also to effectively absorb and apply knowledge, as well as to the efficiency of systemic partnerships between business and government.