The article is devoted to the theoretical and organizational analysis of the professionalization of volunteerism in the field of charitable activities. The transformation of volunteerism from a spontaneous form of civic engagement to an institutionalized and professionally managed practice is considered. Based on the concept of social capital, the theory of the third sector, and approaches to human resource management in non-profit organizations, key areas of professionalization have been identified: standardization and regulatory regulation of volunteerism, the development of volunteer training and education systems, and the formation of specialized management infrastructure. It is proved that professionalization helps to increase the efficiency and sustainability of charitable organizations, but it is accompanied by risks of excessive bureaucratization and weakening the value motivation of volunteers. It is concluded that it is necessary to maintain a balance between organizational rationality and the civic nature of volunteerism.