The article presents the results of a comprehensive study of institutional mechanisms for managing environmental risks associated with oil and gas production. A comparative analysis of the regulatory frameworks and practices of the five BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) was conducted, identifying national specifics and general trends in this area. The study identifies and systematizes the most effective practices for minimizing damage to agricultural land, including: a system of financial guarantees for reclamation, technological monitoring mechanisms, integration of environmental and social assessments, and institutions of public participation. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the adaptation potential of the identified practices in the context of the emerging multipolar world. Based on the analysis, specific recommendations have been developed to improve national regulatory systems, mechanisms to enhance cooperation within the BRICS+ format have been proposed, and principles for adapting best practices for other developing economies have been formulated. The research demonstrates the crucial role of BRICS countries in developing sustainable principles of global land use and natural resource management.