. The article deals with the development of cooperation between the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) countries in the energy sector. The role of hydrocarbons for the economies of the EAEU countries is revealed. The necessity for deepening economic integration in the energy sector is substantiated. The feasibility of forming a single market for electricity, gas, oil and petroleum products with the participation of all countries that are members of the EAEU is being explored. Key issues of industry cooperation are identified that are of interest to the union countries in the context of ensuring collective energy security and enhancing product competitiveness. It is emphasized that the sanctions imposed by the United States from 2022 create additional challenges for EAEU member states and necessitate the development of new forms of international cooperation in the oil and gas industry in the new geopolitical conditions. Keywords: oil and gas industry, EAEU, international cooperation, energy security, global challenges, sanctions