The article examines models for assessing the national power of a state based on international experience. The authors analyze various approaches to defining and structuring national power, including military-economic potential, economic and military strength, as well as intangible factors such as national will and strategic goals. Special attention is paid to the relationship between national security, military-economic power, and potential, emphasizing their role in ensuring state sovereignty and sustainable development. Both classical models (H. Morgenthau, R.S. Cline, M. Small and J.D.R. Singer) and modern approaches (Chang Chin-Lung, M.R. Hafeznia, etc.) are presented, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. It is noted that later models combine quantitative and qualitative indicators; however, the lack of a unified methodology and difficulties in measuring intangible factors limit their practical application. The conclusion emphasizes the need to develop a comprehensive model that accounts for the multidimensional nature of national power and is adapted to modern challenges, including cybersecurity and technological development.