The relevance of the study is due to the unprecedented sanctions pressure on Russia since 2022, which has sharply exacerbated the vulnerabilities of the national economy in the field of digital technologies, especially in the context of dependence on foreign software, equipment and IT infrastructure. Under these conditions, digital transformation has ceased to be solely a tool for improving efficiency and has become a factor of economic and technological security, as well as an element of a strategy to achieve technological sovereignty. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state of the digital transformation of the Russian economy under the conditions of sanctions pressure, identify key barriers and opportunities, and justify strategies for the accelerated development of domestic digital competencies and infrastructures. The research uses methods of system analysis, comparative analysis, statistical generalization, as well as predictive modeling methods based on data from Rosstat, the Ministry of Finance of Russia, international organizations (the World Bank, OECD, ITU) and reputable research institutes (McKinsey, Gartner, the Skolkovo Foundation). The results of the study include: quantification of the contribution of the digital sector to the GDP of the Russian Federation (up to 7.2% in 2024), identification of key bottlenecks in the field of semiconductors, cloud platforms and cybersecurity, justification of the need to create a national ecosystem of trusted solutions ("digital sovereignty 2.0"), proposals to strengthen the Russian-Chinese technological partnership. In conclusion, it is emphasized that successful digital transformation in isolation is possible only with a combination of government support, private investment, import substitution of critical components and active development of human capital.