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In the context of global instability, economic sanctions, geopolitical confrontation, and accelerating technological transformations, internal threats to the national security of the Russian Federation are becoming increasingly complex and interconnected. Since 2022, the situation inside the country has changed significantly under the influence of a special military operation, mass migration, digitalization of government functions and increasing social tension. This requires updating traditional approaches to identifying, assessing, and managing internal threats. The purpose of the study is to conduct a retrospective and predictive analysis of internal threats to the national security of the Russian Federation, taking into account modern realities, and to propose an updated system of priorities for ensuring the sustainability of the state. The results of the study revealed the deepening of previously recorded challenges such as inter–regional inequality, demographic crisis and degradation of scientific and technological potential, as well as the emergence of new threats: cyber dependence of infrastructure, radicalization of youth in the digital environment, labor market deformation due to the mobilization and outflow of IT specialists, destabilization of interethnic relations against the background of migration flows. Special attention is paid to the criminalization of the digital economy and the growing level of corruption in the context of a shortage of personnel and a rapid reconfiguration of the state apparatus. Effective counteraction to internal threats requires not only the strengthening of institutional mechanisms, but also the formation of a sustainable social consensus, modernization of the strategic planning system and the active involvement of civil society. It is necessary to synchronize measures for social, economic and information security, taking into account the dynamics of the external environment.
national security, internal threats, social tension, digital transformation, interethnic conflicts, cybersecurity, demographic crisis, strategic planning
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