employee
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, a radical change in the balance of power in the global security system has been observed since 2022. The escalation of cyber conflicts and the massive introduction of autonomous combat systems have exposed new threats related to the military and destructive use of AI. At the same time, the race for technological sovereignty between the United States, China and Russia has intensified, which requires a reassessment of conceptual approaches to national security. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of AI applications in the field of national security, identify new challenges and threats, and update outdated data from previous studies, including the dynamics of military developments, regulatory and ethical dilemmas. As a result of the research, the analysis showed that AI has become the central tool of hybrid warfare: from intelligence and cyber attacks to the generation of disinformation using deepfake technologies. The United States has also significantly expanded the scope of the Joint AI Center and Replicator projects, China has accelerated the development of autonomous swarms, and Russia has stepped up the use of AI in Lancet UAVs and fire control systems. At the same time, the regulatory framework, especially in the Russian Federation, remains fragmented, which creates legal and ethical risks. In conclusion, it is noted that artificial intelligence has ceased to be an exclusively technological challenge – it has become a geostrategic factor determining the stability of the international system. Without international regulation and national control mechanisms for autonomous systems, the likelihood of catastrophic failures and escalation of conflicts increases.
artificial intelligence, national security, autonomous combat systems, hybrid warfare, deep fakes, technological sovereignty, ethics of AI, global arms race
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