graduate student
The article presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of economic growth models in four key Latin American countries – Argentina, Peru, Chile, and Ecuador – during the period 2010–2025. The study proposes an original authorial typology of growth models: "rent-budgetary," "commodity-investment," "institutional-commodity," and "cyclical political-economic," each reflecting a specific strategy for adapting to global instability and resource dependence. Based on the analysis of macroeconomic indicators, export structure, institutional quality, and the Economic Complexity Index (ECI), it is proven that long-term economic resilience is determined not by the volume of natural resources, but by the state’s ability to create effective institutions and direct resource rents toward strategic investments in human capital and productive diversification. The research demonstrates that institutional quality and consistent industrial policy are key factors in transforming the "resource curse" into a sustainable competitive advantage in the global market.
Economic growth, Latin America, development models, commodity dependence, comparative analysis, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, Argentina, institutions, diversification
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