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The article is devoted to the historical origins and modern development of the institution of mediation in Russian civil law. The article reveals the positioning of mediation agreements in the system of obligations through the concept of L.A. Novoselova on obligations arising from actions in favor of a third party. Mediation is interpreted as a special category of contracts at the intersection of representation and real services, harmonizing with the ideas of V.A. Belov about its independence. The theoretical analysis demonstrates the evolution of the institution: from simple instructions and commissions to complex agency schemes (Chapters 49–52 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation), which adapt to economic complexity. The classification of types of intermediary contracts highlights their role in streamlining trade. In practical terms, there are contradictions in regulation: the lack of clarity in the distribution of responsibility leads to legal risks, as evidenced by the works of A.G. Karapetov and the analysis of arbitration cases. The author substantiates the need for legislative changes to address these issues.
Mediation, representation, contract of commission, agency contract, commission, assignment, civil law, Roman private law, Civil Code of the Russian Federation (Chapters 49–52), tort theory of obligations, I.A. Pokrovsky, E.A. Sukhanov, L.A. Novoselova, V.A. Belov, A.G. Karapetyan, fiduciary relations, subdelegation, obligations in favor of a third party, evolution of institutions, classification of contracts, judicial practice, legislative gaps, arbitration cases, trade turnover.
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