Management of overdue debt of a commercial bank: theoretical aspect

Anton Kaputin

doi:10.26118/1342.2025.42.77.012

UDC

336.11

MANAGEMENT OF OVERDUE DEBT OF A COMMERCIAL BANK: THEORETICAL ASPECT Management of overdue debt of a commercial bank: theoretical aspect

АА Аа

Published in Journal of Applied Research · ELocator: 103-110 · Rubric: PEDAGOGY. PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26118/1342.2025.42.77.012

Received: 07.01.2026 Accepted: 23.01.2026 Published: 23.01.2026

Authors

Anton Kaputin

Moscow International Academy Russian Federation · Moscow

ABSTRACT

The article is devoted to the systematic management of overdue debts of a commercial bank in the context of fluctuations in economic activity, variability in household and business incomes, and structural changes in the labor market. It is shown that overdue debts, defined as unfulfilled financial obligations of the borrower, have a multi-channel impact on the stability of banks: they worsen liquidity, increase the need for reserves, reduce profitability, and limit lending to the real sector. The need for the integration of preventive, operational, and legal mechanisms throughout the debt management cycle has been substantiated, from early warning and personalized communications to restructuring, non-judicial and judicial collection, and post-restructuring monitoring. The article clarifies the typical gradations of overdue payments by duration and their significance for assessing non-performing assets and the likelihood of default. It shows that the effectiveness of management is determined by the quality of the initial credit policy, correct portfolio segmentation, timely identification of risk deterioration, targeted interventions, and legal stability of decisions. The article also highlights the role of the Bank of Russia's regulatory framework in terms of reserves, risk management, and information disclosure, as well as the significance of civil law mechanisms for protecting the rights of borrowers and creditors. Micro- and macro-factors of delinquency formation have been identified, including income, employment, inflation, real rates, product parameters, and underwriting standards, as well as regional differences related to seasonality and industry structure. Practical recommendations have been formulated to strengthen preventive policies, develop early warning, adapt procedures regionally, improve legal sustainability and improve the system of metrics. It is concluded that a sustainable result is achieved through the coherence of credit policy, settlement and control, as well as continuous improvement of methods and independent assessment of performance.

KEYWORDS

overdue debt; credit risk; non-performing assets; early warning; restructuring; collection; legal stability; regional specifics; operational efficiency; bank risk management

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GOST

Kaputin A. Y. Management of overdue debt of a commercial bank: theoretical aspect // . 2026. 103-110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26118/1342.2025.42.77.012. (Date of access 20.08.2026).

MLA

Anton Kaputin. "Management of overdue debt of a commercial bank: theoretical aspect." (2026): 103-110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26118/1342.2025.42.77.012.

APA

Kaputin A. Y. (2026). Management of overdue debt of a commercial bank: theoretical aspect. , 103-110. https://doi.org/10.26118/1342.2025.42.77.012

Chicago

Anton Kaputin. "Management of overdue debt of a commercial bank: theoretical aspect." , no. (2026): 103-110. https://doi.org/10.26118/1342.2025.42.77.012.

WIKI

{{cite journal | author = Kaputin A. Y. | title = Management of overdue debt of a commercial bank: theoretical aspect | journal = | year = 2026 | pages = 103-110 | doi = 10.26118/1342.2025.42.77.012 }}

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