UDC 336.221

TAX INCENTIVES FOR INVESTMENT AS A TOOL OF ECONOMIC GROWTH: A COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS Tax incentives for investment as a tool of economic growth: a comparative legal analysis

Published in Journal of Applied Research · Issue 5 · ELocator: 62-68 · Rubric: ECONOMICS. ECONOMIC SCIENCES.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34755/IROK.2026.37.33.008
Received: 05.08.2026 Accepted: 12.08.2026 Published: 12.08.2026
The article provides a comparative legal analysis of tax incentives for investment as a tool for ensuring economic growth. The concept and legal nature of tax incentives are considered, and their classification into income-based and expenditure-based incentives is proposed. The Russian model of tax incentives is examined, including agreements on the protection and promotion of capital investment, the federal and regional investment tax deductions, and the preferential regimes of special economic zones and priority development territories. A comparison is made with foreign legal orders – the People's Republic of China (a reduced rate for high-tech enterprises, the R&D expenses super-deduction) and the United States of America (the research and development tax credit, immediate expensing of costs). The impact of the OECD Global Minimum Tax (Pillar Two) on permissible forms of tax incentives is analyzed. Based on verified statistical data, conclusions are formulated on the directions for improving Russian legislation under conditions of international tax competition and the transition to substance-oriented incentives.
tax incentives, investment, economic growth, comparative legal analysis, investment tax deduction, capital investment protection agreement, tax benefits, global minimum tax, R&D
Text References
Text (PDF)
Read Download

1. Investicii v osnovnoy kapital v Rossii v 2024 godu vyrosli na 7,4% (po dannym Rosstata) // Interfaks. 2025. 7 marta. URL: https://www.interfax.ru/business/1012581 (data obrascheniya: 12.05.2026).

2. Mirovaya praktika nalogovogo stimulirovaniya chastnyh investiciy: opyt Kolumbii i Chili // KiberLeninka. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/mirovaya-praktika-nalogovogo-stimulirovaniya-chastnyh-investitsiy-opyt-kolumbii-i-chili (data obrascheniya: 12.05.2026).

3. Mishustin nazval chislo rabochih mest, sozdannyh v ramkah SZPK // RIA Novosti. 2025. 26 marta. URL: https://ria.ru/20250326/mishustin-2007427174.html (data obrascheniya: 12.05.2026).

4. Nalogovye investicionnye stimuly: mirovoy opyt i rossiyskaya praktika // KiberLeninka. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/nalogovye-investitsionnye-stimuly-mirovoy-opyt-i-rossiyskaya-praktika (data obrascheniya: 09.06.2026).

5. Nalogovye instrumenty stimulirovaniya investiciy v innovacionnoe razvitie ekonomiki // KiberLeninka. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/nalogovye-instrumenty-stimulirovaniya-investitsiy-v-innovatsionnoe-razvitie-ekonomiki (data obrascheniya: 12.05.2026).

6. Federal'nyy zakon ot 01.04.2020 № 69-FZ «O zaschite i pooschrenii kapitalovlozheniy v Rossiyskoy Federacii». Dostup iz SPS «Konsul'tantPlyus».

7. Federal'nyy zakon ot 12.07.2024 № 176-FZ «O vnesenii izmeneniy v chasti pervuyu i vtoruyu Nalogovogo kodeksa Rossiyskoy Federacii…». Dostup iz SPS «Konsul'tantPlyus».

8. Federal'nyy investicionnyy nalogovyy vychet (st. 286.2 NK RF) / SPS «Konsul'tantPlyus». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_411198/a9074c8712d4d6b998499183e1c52f92970a7009/ (data obrascheniya: 12.05.2026).

9. China, People's Republic of – Corporate – Taxes on corporate income / PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries. URL: https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/peoples-republic-of-china/corporate/taxes-on-corporate-income (accessed: 12.05.2026).

10. Global Anti-Base Erosion Model Rules (Pillar Two) / OECD. URL: https://www.oecd.org/en/topics/sub-issues/global-minimum-tax/global-anti-base-erosion-model-rules-pillar-two.html (accessed: 12.05.2026).

11. R&D Tax Credits and Deductions Explained / Bloomberg Tax. 2026. URL: https://pro.bloombergtax.com/insights/federal-tax/rd-tax-credit-and-deducting-rd-expenditures/ (accessed: 12.05.2026).