The development of the infrastructure of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in the Russian Federation is increasingly determined by the quality of the digital environment that enables their integration into the full use of the unified airspace. As a national system of interaction is being formed between UAS operators, flight information submission services, air traffic management infrastructure, and state surveillance systems, the compatibility of digital infrastructure is no longer merely a technical issue and is becoming an economic problem. When digital solutions responsible for data exchange between onboard UAS equipment, the control station, flight information submission services, identification systems, and state monitoring systems are incompatible, transaction costs increase, the entry of new market participants slows down, dependence on individual suppliers grows, and the connection of new participants becomes more expensive and time-consuming. This paper proposes a methodology for calculating the compatibility index of the digital infrastructure of unmanned aircraft systems, based on five indicators: the openness of software data exchange tools (API), readiness for interaction with flight planning services, compatibility with monitoring systems, switching costs between providers, and compatibility with different types of equipment. The proposed index can potentially provide a quantitative assessment of the economic consequences associated with different levels of compatibility among digital solutions in the Russian UAS sector. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development of a compact economic assessment tool that makes it possible to consider compatibility as a factor directly affecting connection costs, supplier switching, and the potential for further expansion of the digital infrastructure of unmanned aircraft systems in the Russian Federation.
unmanned aircraft systems, digital interfaces, standardization, compatibility, network effects, monitoring, air traffic management, compatibility index, UAS economics
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