The article examines certification of the MC-21-310 aircraft with the PD-14 engine as an independent economically significant stage in the implementation of the national civil aircraft manufacturing program. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that, under the import substitution of the powerplant, composite structures, and part of the onboard systems, the certification stage ceases to be merely a final technical procedure and begins to directly affect the timing of the start of mass production and commercial operation, the amount of required expenditures, the parameters of initial unit cost, and the pace of serial production deployment. The purpose of the article is to identify and systematize the main channels through which certification influences the economics of the MC-21-310 project. The study uses an approach based on distinguishing the direct and indirect consequences of the certification stage for testing and refinement costs, postponed delivery dates, slower utilization of invested funds, limited economies of scale, and delayed development of related production and service cooperation. It is shown that, in this case, certification acts not as an auxiliary procedure, but as one of the key factors determining the transition of the program from the development stage to the beginning of full-scale serial production and commercial operation. The scientific novelty of the study lies in considering certification as a fully independent economic element of the import substitution program that shapes the commercial viability of the aircraft. The practical significance of the study is associated with the possibility of applying the proposed approach in the future to the analysis of other domestic aircraft manufacturing programs.
MC-21, PD-14, import substitution, certification, civil aircraft industry, cost, serial production, economic efficiency
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